What does the term "nosocomial infection" refer to?

The term "nosocomial infection" specifically refers to infections that are acquired within a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or long-term care facility. These infections are often associated with medical procedures, the use of devices like catheters, or the presence of patients with weakened immune systems. Nosocomial infections are of particular concern because they can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, and they may be caused by pathogens that are resistant to standard treatments due to the selective pressure created by antibiotic use in healthcare environments.

Understanding this definition is crucial in the context of antimicrobial stewardship programs, as these infections often require careful management to prevent their occurrence and spread. Strategies involved in stewardship programs aim to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the incidence of antibiotic-resistant infections within healthcare settings, thereby directly addressing the challenge posed by nosocomial infections.